Low voltage

Directive 2014/35/EU creates the conditions throughout the EU for the sale of electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits. The electrical equipment than falls in the scope of the directive is designed for use with a voltage rating of between 50 and 1 000 V for alternating current and between 75 and 1 500 V for direct current. The legislative act aims to ensure high levels of protection of health and safety of persons, and of domestic animals and property.

It applies to a wide range of electrical equipment for the consumer and professional usage like household appliances, cables, power supply units, laser equipment and certain components, e.g. fuses.

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Evaluation of the Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU
About this initiative

Subject matter and scope

The purpose of this Directive is to ensure that electrical equipment on the market fulfils the requirements providing for a high level of protection of health and safety of persons, and of domestic animals and property, while guaranteeing the functioning of the internal market.

This Directive shall apply to electrical equipment designed for use with a voltage rating of between 50 and 1 000 V for alternating current and between 75 and 1 500 V for direct current, other than the equipment and phenomena listed in Annex II.

 

Definitions

Making available on the market means any supply of electrical equipment for distribution, consumption or use on the Union market in the course of a commercial activity, whether in return for payment or free of charge.

Placing on the market means the first making available of electrical equipment on the Union market.

Importer means any natural or legal person established within the Union who places electrical equipment from a third country on the Union market.

Distributor means any natural or legal person in the supply chain, other than the manufacturer or the importer, who makes electrical equipment available on the market.

Withdrawal means any measure aimed at preventing electrical equipment in the supply chain from being made available on the market.

 

Article 15 - EU declaration of conformity

  1. The EU declaration of conformity shall state that the fulfilment of the safety objectives referred to in Article 3 and set out in Annex I has been demonstrated.
  2. The EU declaration of conformity shall have the model structure set out in Annex IV, shall contain the elements specified in Module A as set out in Annex III and shall be continuously updated. It shall be translated into the language or languages required by the Member State in which the electrical equipment is placed or made available on the market.
  3. Where electrical equipment is subject to more than one Union act requiring an EU declaration of conformity, a single EU declaration of conformity shall be drawn up in respect of all such Union acts. That declaration shall contain the identification of the Union acts concerned including their publication references.
  4. By drawing up the EU declaration of conformity, the manufacturer shall assume responsibility for the compliance of the electrical equipment with the requirements laid down in this Directive.

 

Article 16 - General principles of the CE marking

The CE marking shall be subject to the general principles set out in Article 30 of Regulation (EC) No 765/2008.

 

Article 17 - Rules and conditions for affixing the CE marking

  1. The CE marking shall be affixed visibly, legibly and indelibly to the electrical equipment or to its data plate. Where that is not possible or not warranted on account of the nature of the electrical equipment, it shall be affixed to the packaging and to the accompanying documents.
  2. The CE marking shall be affixed before the electrical equipment is placed on the market.
  3. Member States shall build upon existing mechanisms to ensure correct application of the regime governing the CE marking and shall take appropriate action in the event of improper use of that marking.

 

ANNEX II - EQUIPMENT AND PHENOMENA OUTSIDE THE SCOPE OF THIS DIRECTIVE

  • Electrical equipment for use in an explosive atmosphere
  • Electrical equipment for radiology and medical purposes
  • Electrical parts for goods and passenger lifts
  • Electricity meters
  • Plugs and socket outlets for domestic use
  • Electric fence controllers
  • Radio-electrical interference
  • Specialised electrical equipment, for use on ships, aircraft or railways, which complies with the safety provisions drawn up by international bodies in which the Member States participate.
  • Custom built evaluation kits destined for professionals to be used solely at research and development facilities for such purposes.

Consolidated harmonised standards summary list - 13 December 2023

Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2023/2723 of 6 December 2023 on harmonised standards for electrical equipment drafted in support of Directive 2014/35/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council - OJ L 2023/2723 of 13 December 2023

Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2023/600 of 13 March 2023 amending Implementing Decision (EU) 2019/1956 as regards harmonised standards for room heaters, aquarium luminaires, circuit-breakers and tumble dryers - OJ L 79/171 of 17 March 2023

Commission Implementing Decision 2023/98 of 9 January 2023 amending Implementing Decision (EU) 2019/1956 as regards harmonised standards for lamp controlgear, luminaires, climatic and environmental testing and other temperature conditioning equipment and power metering and monitoring devices - OJ L 8/16 of 11 January 2023

Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2022/713 of 4 May 2022 amending Implementing Decision (EU) 2019/1956 as regards harmonised standards for appliances for heating liquids, battery chargers, instantaneous water heaters, thermal-storage room heaters, toilets, multifunctional shower cabinets, skin exposure to ultraviolet and infrared radiation, and other electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits - OJ L 133/17 of 10 May 2022

Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2022/405 of 3 March 2022 amending Implementing Decision (EU) 2019/1956 as regards harmonised standards for cover plates and cover tapes, luminaires, electrical accessories, powertrack systems, circuit breakers, electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use, and resistance welding equipment - OJ L 83/48 of 10 March 2022

Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/2273 of 20 December 2021 amending Implementing Decision (EU) 2019/1956 as regards harmonised standards for laser products, adjustable speed electrical power drive systems, power electronic converter systems and equipment, luminaires, low-voltage switchgear and control gear, uninterruptible power systems (UPS) and certain other electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits - OJ L 457/15 of 21 December 2021

Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/1015 of 17 June 2021 amending Implementing Decision (EU) 2019/1956 as regards harmonised standards for refrigerating, ice-cream and ice makers appliances, laboratory equipment for the heating of materials, automatic and semi-automatic laboratory equipment for analysis and other purposes, electrical equipment with ratings related to electrical supply, appliances for skin exposure to ultraviolet and infrared radiation, room heaters, electric irons, stationary cooking ranges, hobs, ovens and similar appliances, fabric steamers, electromechanical control circuit devices, blankets, pads, clothing and similar flexible heating appliances and certain other electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits - OJ L 222/40 of 22 June 2021

Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2020/1779 of 27 November 2020 amending Implementing Decision (EU) 2019/1956 as regards harmonised standards for certain household and similar appliances, electrical supply track systems for luminaires, luminaires for emergency lighting, switches for household and similar fixed electrical installations, circuit breakers, proximity switches, arc welding power sources and electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use - OJ L 399 of 30 November 2020

Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2020/1146 of 31 July 2020 amending Implementing Decision (EU) 2019/1956 as regards harmonised standards for certain household appliances, thermal-links, equipment in cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services, circuit breakers, arc quenching and welding, installation couplers intended for permanent connection in fixed installations, transformers, reactors, power supply units and combinations, electric vehicle conductive charging system, cable ties and management, control circuit devices, switching elements, emergency lighting, electronic circuits used with luminaires and discharge lamps - OJ L 250 of 31 July 2020

Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2019/1956 of 26 November 2019 on the harmonised standards for electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits and drafted in support of Directive 2014/35/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council C/2019/8192 - OJ L 306 of 27 November 2019

Commission communication in the framework of the implementation of Directive 2014/35/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits (recast) - OJ C 326 of 14 September 2018